Oculomotor Nerve Palsy (III, IV & VI Cranial Nerves)
Oculomotor Nerve Palsy ek neurological condition hai jisme aankhon ki movement control karne wali nerves affect ho jaati hain. Ye nerves aankhon ko upar-neeche, daaye-baaye move karne aur dono aankhon ko ek saath align rakhne ka kaam karti hain.
Is condition me patient ko double vision (diplopia), aankh ka tedha hona, ya eyelid drooping jaise symptoms ho sakte hain.
Third Nerve (Oculomotor Nerve – CN III)
- Eye movements (up, down, inward)
- Upper eyelid lifting
- Pupil size control (light response)
Fourth Nerve (Trochlear Nerve – CN IV)
- Eye ka downward & inward movement
- Reading aur stairs utarte waqt important
Sixth Nerve (Abducens Nerve – CN VI)
- Eye ka outward movement (sideways)
Symptoms of Oculomotor Nerve Palsy
Symptoms nerve ke type par depend karte hain:
Common Symptoms
- Double vision (diplopia)
- Aankh ka ek side ko ghoom jana
- Eye movement restriction
- Head tilt ya abnormal head posture
- Eye strain aur headaches
Specific Signs
- CN III palsy – Drooping eyelid (ptosis), dilated pupil, eye outward & downward
- CN IV palsy – Vertical double vision, opposite side head tilt
- CN VI palsy – Eye bahar ki taraf move nahi hoti (inward deviation)
Causes of Oculomotor Nerve Palsy
- Diabetes & Hypertension
- Head injury or trauma
- Stroke or brain ischemia
- Aneurysm (especially CN III palsy)
- Brain tumors or infections
- Congenital (since birth)
- Inflammatory or autoimmune disorders
Diagnosis
Proper diagnosis ke liye detailed evaluation zaroori hoti hai:
- Complete eye examination
- Eye movement assessment
- Neurological evaluation
- MRI / CT Scan (if required)
- Blood tests (diabetes, infection, inflammation)
Management & Treatment
Treatment depends on cause, severity, aur duration par.
Non-Surgical Management
- Observation – Many nerve palsies 3–6 months me recover ho jaati hain
- Prism glasses – Double vision reduce karne ke liye
- Eye patching – Temporary relief ke liye
- Medical treatment – Diabetes, BP, infection ya inflammation control karna
Surgical Management
Surgery tab consider ki jaati hai jab:
- 6 months ke baad recovery na ho
- Eye deviation stable ho jaye
Possible surgeries:
- Strabismus (eye muscle) surgery
- Ptosis correction surgery (if eyelid drooping remains)