Nystagmus (Wobbly Eyes)
Nystagmus is a condition characterized by repetitive, involuntary eye movements that can affect one or both eyes. These movements can be side-to-side, up-and-down, or circular. It is commonly referred to as wobbly eyes.
Living with nystagmus can affect a child’s vision, depth perception, balance, and coordination. An eye examination can diagnose this condition and help plan management strategies.
Common Refractive Errors in Children
Children may have one or more refractive errors at the same time.
Infantile or Congenital Nystagmus Syndrome (INS)
Also known as early-onset nystagmus, this condition appears in infancy and causes horizontal eye movements.
Often mild • May be linked to albinism • Treatment optional
Acquired or Acute Nystagmus
Acquired nystagmus can develop at any age and is usually linked to injury or disease. Causes often involve the inner ear or brain.
Causes of Nystagmus
Nystagmus can be present from birth or develop later in life. Common causes include:
- Genetic factors
- Albinism
- Head injury
- Brain inflammation, particularly in areas controlling eye movement
- Stroke
- Certain medications (e.g., seizure medications, sedatives)
- Excessive alcohol consumption
- Disorders affecting the inner ear or brain
Symptoms of Nystagmus
Common signs include:
- Uncontrolled, repetitive eye movements
- Wobbly eyes in children
- Preferred head posture to reduce eye movement
- Vision problems
- Reduced depth perception and balance issues
- Dizziness
- Difficulty focusing
⚠️ It’s important not to discourage children from using their preferred head posture, as it helps them see better.
Treatment of Nystagmus
While infantile nystagmus cannot be completely cured, current treatments can:
- Improve visual function
- Reduce abnormal head posture
- Provide cosmetic benefits by reducing wobbly eye movements
Treatment options include:
- Medications (mainly for acquired nystagmus)
- Prism glasses
- Contact lenses
- Surgery on extraocular muscles to reduce eye movement
Why Early Diagnosis Matters
- Prevents vision-related complications
- Improves balance and coordination
- Enhances confidence and social interaction
- Guides personalized treatment planning
📞 Consult a pediatric ophthalmologist or eye specialist if you notice wobbly eyes or unusual head posture in your child. Early intervention helps achieve the best possible outcomes.